A. Tick (✔) the correct option.
1. The Right to Vote is guaranteed to Indians who are-
(a) highly educated
(b) highly rich
(c) the Scheduled Castes
(d) citizens of India
Ans: citizens of India
2. The most successful scheme of the government which increased enrolment of children in schools is-
(a) Education for all
(b) Reservation of seats in schools
(c) Mid-day meal scheme
(d) Scholarships and financial help to poor children
Ans: Mid-day meal scheme
3. Which one of the following is NOT responsible for weakening the Indian society?
(a) casteism
(b) education
(c) illiteracy
(d) poverty
Ans: education
4. According to the Preamble, who is constituting India into a socialist, secular and democratic republic?
(a) The people of India
(b) All our national leaders
(c) The Constitution itself
(d) Representatives of the people
Ans: The people of India
5. To ensure that all the children from the deprived sections are able to fulfil their dreams, the Government of India should not-
(a) give them free food and clothing.
(b) give them monthly stipend/monetary help.
(c) provide free education.
(d) leave them to fight for themselves and become self-dependent.
Ans: leave them to fight for themselves and become self-dependent.
B. Fill in the blanks.
1. The _______________ is a document that lays down the framework, political structures and the powers and duties of the government.
2. The _______________ is an introduction to our Constitution.
3. The _______________ system creates a social division in a nation.
4. Each ________________ is an organised group, having its own policies and programmes.
5. Many _______________ have been made to protect the Right to Equality.
Ans: (1) Constitution, (2) preamble, (3) caste,(4) political party, (5) provisions
C. State True or False for the following statements.
1. On 15 August 1947 India became a republic. __________
2. Our Constitution framers wanted to eradicate discrimination. ____________
3. People elect their representatives for a fixed term. __________
4. The law does not give equal protection to all. __________
5. The provisions of reservation have not reached everyone. __________
Ans: (1) False, (2) True, (3)True, (4)False, (5)True
D. Answer the following questions in brief.
1. What is the main function of an opposition?
Ans: The main function of an opposition is to keeps a check on the activities of the ruling party and protects the rights of the people.
2. Why was reservation provided for certain castes in India?
Ans: Reservation was provided for certain castes in India to ensure their proportionate share in all walks of life so that they could live a life of respect and dignity.
3. What is meant by secularism?
Ans: Secularism means everyone is free to follow the religion of one's choice and the state does not have a religion of its own.
4. Why is Universal Adult Franchise considered a courageous step of the Constituent Assembly?
Ans: Universal Adult Franchise is considered a courageous step of the Constituent Assembly,as most Indians were illiterate and poor at that time.
4. Why is Universal Adult Franchise considered a courageous step of the Constituent Assembly?
Ans: Universal Adult Franchise is considered a courageous step of the Constituent Assembly, as most Indians were illiterate and poor at that time.
5. Name any two literacy programmes started by the Government of India.
Ans : The two literacy programmes started by the government of India are as follows:
1.Operation Black Board
2. Universal Elementary Education
E. Answer the following questions.
1. Mention the main provisions of Right to Equality.
Ans: The main provisions of Right to Equality are:-
a. All citizens are equal before the law.
b. Discrimination on the bases of caste, religion, gender or place of birth is prohibited.
c. Everyone is entitled to equal opportunities in all walks of life.
d. The law gives equal protection to all.
2. How can the people keep a check on their representatives?
Ans: The people of India cast their votes and elect their representatives for a fixed period. These representatives run the government according to the wishes of the people. If the elected representatives do not do so, people do not vote for them in the next election. People also keep a close watch on the activities of their representatives to guard their rights as granted by the constitution.
3. List the important steps taken by the Indian government for the benefit of the weaker sections of society.
Ans: The steps taken by the Indian government for the benefit of the weaker sections of society are as follows :-
a. Many literacy programmes have been started by the government.
b. Along with meal-day meals, the schools are providing free education, uniform and books, stipends, scholarships, medical check ups etc.
c. The benefit of reservation is given to the weaker sections.
4. List the factors that create inequalities and hamper the success of democracy.
Ans: Discrimination on the basis of religion, gender, colour, caste, race or place of birth etc. are the factors that create inequalities and hamper the success of democracy.
5. Why have the benefits of reservation not reached everyone? Suggest two steps that can ensure development of all sections of the Indian society.
Ans: The benefits of reservation have not reached everyone because there is a lack of awareness and education amongst the people.
Two steps that can ensure development of all sections of the Indian society are as follows:-
a. Government should launch special programmes and schemes for those communities that need assistance.For example SCs/STs and OBCS.
b. Creating public awareness for all the development programmes and schemes.
